Whiplash is defined as a soft tissue injury to the neck as a result of a sudden, usually violent movement.    Most often diagnosed after car accidents, whiplash is also referred to as a neck sprain or strain.  There may be injury to any one or more of the following structures:

• Intervertebral joints
• Discs
• Ligaments
• Cervical muscles
• Nerve roots.

Symptoms:

Whiplash symptoms can appear almost immediately following the injury or may be delayed for several days.  According to the NINDS (National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) “in addition to neck pain, other symptoms may include neck stiffness, injuries to the muscles and ligaments (myofascial injuries), headache, dizziness, abnormal sensations such as burning or prickling (paresthesias), or shoulder or back pain. In addition, some people experience cognitive, somatic, or psychological conditions such as memory loss, concentration impairment, nervousness/irritability, sleep disturbances, fatigue, or depression.”

Treatment:

Treatment for whiplash is initial rest for 2-3 days.  An appointment with a physician immediately following a whiplash incident is a recommended precaution.  Generally an x-ray is given to rule out any fractures or spinal alignment issues that may have occurred as a result of the sudden jolt in the accident. 

The NINDS also recommends the following:  Treatment for individuals with whiplash may include pain medications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, muscle relaxants, and a cervical collar (usually worn for 2 to 3 weeks). Range of motion exercises, physical therapy, and cervical traction may also be prescribed. Supplemental heat application may relieve muscle tension.

Massage therapy is helpful in aiding the healing process of soft tissue after whiplash.  It is important the therapist not be overaggressive when working with your neck as sudden movements or deep tissue massage can create more pain in the area.  However, light compression and myofascial release can be helpful.